Canine immune-mediated thrombocytopenia.

Overview

Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia is caused by the destruction of platelets by the autoimmune system. The rate of platelet destruction is greater than the rate of bone marrow regeneration, resulting in a decrease in the number of platelets in the peripheral blood.

Causes

As the autoimmune system damages platelets, immune-mediated thrombocytopenia leads to a decrease in the number of platelets. The rate of platelet damage is greater than the rate of bone marrow regeneration. The disease can be secondary to other factors, such as infection, injury , or drug reaction, or it can be primary. Therefore, it is difficult to identify the causative factor.

Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia is common in specific species, and it is suspected to have a certain genetic possibility. The disease can occur spontaneously or concurrently with other diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

The main symptoms

The dog is prone to bleeding, nosebleeds, hard wounds on the gums or skin, and blood in the stool and urine. May also show weakness and lethargy.

Diagnostic criteria

According to the dog’s clinical symptoms and medical history, comprehensive analysis of the results of routine blood examination, blood biochemical examination, blood gas examination, blood coagulation examination, blood cell morphology, 4D examination and abdominal ultrasound examination.

Treatment method

Corticosteroids can be given to slow down the destruction of platelets, starting with a high dose, and then slowly reducing the dose until the number of platelets stabilizes and begins to rise. The treatment effect of this disease is generally very good. If the use of steroid drugs is ineffective and the platelet continues to decline, other immunosuppressive drugs can be used. If necessary, treat the dog with blood transfusion or transfusion of platelet-rich blood products, which can supplement oxygen to the tissues and control bleeding.